Vladimir Petrovich Filatov (1875-1956) – outstanding ophthalmologist, clinician, scientist and Academician. Born in a family of doctors in Russia, completed his education at Moscow University in 1897, went to Odessa, where he became Head of Eye Clinic in the Department of medicine Novorossiisk (Odessa) University. Simultaneously from 1936 till the end of his life he was the director of Research experimental institute of ophthalmology (now The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy). One of the most important achievements was the tube flap method of plastic surgery offered by Filatov since Word War 1. The research work named out by V.P.Filatov regarding corneal transplantation takes a special place in the history of world Science. He perfected the technique of penetrating keratoplasty and invented number of new instruments which are till date being used. Since 1931 he had began to use for corneal grafting preserved cornea taken from cadaver eyes and kept in cold storage from 1 to 3 days at a temperature of 2-4 degree C. In 1933 he proposed the original method of treatment: tissue therapy is the greatest achievement founded on the doctrine of biogenic stimulators. The Filatov Institute in Odessa is continued to prosper under the leadership of Academician N.A. Puchkovskaya (1957-1985) and its present director prof. I. M. Logay, since 1986.