2Jonas J. B., 1Hayreh S. S.

1Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA, and 2Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany

Purpose: To evaluate which factors are primarily and secondarily associated with posterior vitreous detachment.
Participants: The clinical prospective observational cohort study included 1472 subjects (735 women, 737 men) with a mean age of 62.73 ± 14.34 years (mean ± S.D.; range, 10.3 to 88.0 years) and a mean refractive error of +0.81± 2.27 diopters (range, -16.38 to +15.75 diopters). The presence of a posterior vitreous detachment was assessed by slit lamp biomicroscopy upon pharmacologically dilated pupil. Main outcome measures was frequency of posterior vitreous detachment.
Results: The occurrence of posterior vitreous detachment was significantly correlated with age (P<0.001), myopic refractive error (P<0.001), female gender (P<0.001), aphakia (P<0.001), absence of diabetes mellitus (P=0.012), and neovascularization of the optic disc (P=0.04). Posterior vitreous detachment was statistically independent of right or left eye (P=0.74), occurrence of a vitreous hemorrhage (P=0.96), presence of a macular edema (P>0.70), retinal neovascularization (P=0.56), cystoid macular edema (P=0.37), and macular edema (P=0.86). Borderline significant relationships existed between the presence of posterior vitreous detachment and presence of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (P=0.16).
Conclusions: Posterior vitreous detachment is associated with age, myopic refractive error, female gender, aphakia, and absence of diabetes mellitus.

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