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Impressum
Intraocular and blood pressure of myopic patients suspected of glaucoma
Pojda S. M., Pojda-Wilczek D., Herba E., Plech A. R., Jedrzejewski W.
Department of Ophmalmology and Eye Division Medical; University of Silesia in Katowice, The Municipal Hospital Nr. 1 in Bytom, Poland
Purpose: The individual variation of the connective tissue flexibility
may be the reason why the personal tolerance to intraocular pressure is
observed. The aim of this study was to present the results of IOP and
BP monitoring of patients with progressive (without family history) and
non-progressive myopia observed towards glaucoma.
Patients: 342 myopic patients (678 eyes: 414 eyes with progressive
myopia, 264 eyes with non-progressive myopia) aged 10 to 74 years were
observed because of various complaines (pajn, jtching, variable vision,
headache).
Methods: The intraocular and blood pressure every three
hours during the day and night were measured. Kinetic and static perimetry
were analysed in relation to degree of myopy, intraocular tension and
blood pressure.
Results: The diagnosis of glaucoma was established in 60% of patients
with non-progressive and 46% of patients with progressive myopia. The
ocular hypertension was diagnosed in 30 and 48% respectively. In non-progressive
myopia group mean refraction was -1,5D in eyes without glaucoma, -5,0D
in eyes with ocular hypertension and -4,0D in glaucomatous eyes. In progressive
myopia group it was -3,0D, -4,0D and -7,0D respectively. The glaucomatous
patients were younger in progressive myopia (mean: 41 years) than in nonprogressive
myopia (mean: 57 years) group. The intraocular pressure ranged from 7
to 34 mmHg (mean 18) and there were no significant differences between
groups of patients. In about 40% of patients (136 from 342) the lowest
blood pressure (90/60 -100/70) and the highest intraocular pressure (19-34
mmHg) simultaneously were observed in the night (from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m.).
In 15% of patients IOP over 19 mmHg was noted only once during 24 hours.
Conclusions: If the IOP during the day is normal it is necessary
to measure IOP and BP in the night and early morning in bed. Ocular hypertension
is diagnosed more often than primary open angle glaucoma in younger patients
with progressive myopia. Early diagnosed and treated ocular hypertension
in myopia may prevent or delay glaucoma development and myopia progression.