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Cataract Related Changes in Intelligence an Innovative Aspect
1Gerstmeyer K., 2Lehrl S.,
1Augenklinik Minden (Minden)
2Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Bereich Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie (Erlangen)
Purpose: The project vision intell investigates the influence of cataract surgery with IOL-Implantation on intellectual capacity.
Methods: We examined patients pre- and postoperatively with the Ophthalmologic-Psychometric-Test-System (OPT) which we developed ourselves. The fluid intelligence is measured with the KAI-Test, the premorbid level of intelligence is assessed by the MCVT, a test for crystallized intelligence.
Results: 1. Cataract particularly reduces fluid intelligence levels. 2. In most cases the level of fluid intelligence was below that of crystallized intelligence. Only in one group patients had a higher amount of fluid intelligence (IQ 95) than crystallized intelligence (IQ 91). 3. The level of premorbid intelligence was subaverage (IQ 88-91). 4. Cataract surgery is followed by a significant improvement in cognitive efficiency in all patients, even those who preoperatively had a higher level of fluid intelligence. 5. Remarkable is that the improvement of the duration of presence is greater than the improvement of the speed of information processing, although the first component of intelligence is tested acoustically (!) and the second one visually. 6. The improvement of intelligence correlates statistically significant with the level of visual acuity. 7. Decisive is the level of visual acuity and not the amount of improvement.
Conclusions: The improvement of actual mental efficiency after successful cataract surgery is not only relevant to the patient himself and his social enviroment but also of importance for other sciences, for national economy and for society.