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Differences of the Autoregulative Behaviour of Retinal Arteries and Veins during Changes of the Perfusion Pressure. A Clinical Study
1Nagel E., 2Vilser W., 3Kremmer S.,
1Augenarztpraxis Dr. Nagel (Rudolstadt)
2Technische Universität Ilmenau, Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (Ilmenau)
3Universität-Gesamthochschule Essen, Zentrum für Augenheilkunde (Essen)
Purpose: Examination of the dynamic of autoregulative changes of retinal vessel diameters caused by changes of the perfusion pressure.
Methods: The diameter of a venous and arterial vessel segment (each app. 1.5 mm length) of one eye of 13 healthy volunteers (age 54.5±18) was measured continuously with the Retinal Vessel Analyzer (RVA, IMEDOS GmbH Weimar/Germany). We initiated a rise in intraocular pressure (IOP, mean before examination 13.7 mm Hg ±2.9) by 21.3 mm Hg ±3.5 produced by suction-cup to alter retinal perfusion. Measurements of the vessel diameter were taken uninfluenced for 2 min (baseline), during IOP elevation for 100 seconds and after removal of the suction-cup up to 10 min.
Results: A significant reaction of arterial and venous diameters caused by the provocation was found (p<0.02, ANOVA). The reactions of arteries and veins were opposite: during the phase of increased IOP the arteries dilated by +1.9% ±3.7, the venous vessel diameter decreased by 2.6% ±3.5 (p<0.02 Mann-Whithey-U-Test). After normalisation of the IOP the arterial diameter fell small under the baseline but the veins temporary dilated by +5.9% ±3.3 (p<0.001). The mean systemic blood pressure did not chance significantly during the examination.
Conclusions: Retinal arteries and veins of healthy volunteers showed under perfusion pressure changes different autoregulative behaviour. The reason for this are most probably different regulative functions in the system of retinal microcirculation.