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Bicycle Riding with a Visual Handicap?
Wilhelm H., Endres B.,
Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Universitäts-Augenklinik, Abt. II, Neuroophthalmologische Ambulanz (Tübingen)
Pupose: Riding bicycle offers the possibility to be independently mobile even without driving license. However, no rules or guidelines exist for visual handicapped patients concerning their ability to be mobile by bicycle. The aim of this study was, to gain information about this.
Method: 346 selected patients from our clinic for degenerative retinal diseases received a questionnaire concerning their bicycle riding. The responses were correlated to findings in our clinic. Selection criteria were diagnosis of either retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration, age between 14 and 60 years, no additional handicap. Finally 232 questionnaires were returned. We divided patients into 2 groups, one with reduced visual acuity, one with constricted visual field. Each group was subdivided into 5 degrees of severity (see Table, for the visual field the horizontal diameter was considered for this evaluation).
Results: The table shows the percentage of bicycle users in each subgroup, additionally divided in patients with and without accidents because of reduced vision.
Visual acuity >0.6 >0.4-0.6 >0.2-0.4 >0.1-0.2 ≤0.1
Biking without problems 50 40 67 33 15
Biking with accidents 25 33 22 53 35
Stopped biking 25 27 11 14 50
Visual field >90° 60-89° 40-59° 20-39° <20°
Biking without problems 40 41 17 18 8
Biking with accidents 40 27 42 26 25
Stopped biking 20 32 42 56 67
Conclusions: The percentage of those riding their bicycle without any problems decreases continuously with the reduction of visual function. For visual acuity a steep decline is seen in group 4, for visual field in group 3. Visual field seems to be more important than visual acuity.