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Abstract
Abstract
Intrinsic Choroidal Neurons (ICN) in the Human Eye: Projections, Targets, and Basic Electrophysiological Data
Schrödl F.1, De Laet A.2,3, Tassignon M. J.4, Van Bogaert P.-P.2, Brehmer A.1, Neuhuber W. L.1, Timmermans J.-P.3
1Institute for Anatomy I, Erlangen; 2Lab. of Electrobiology, Antwerp, Belgium; 3Lab. of Histology and Cell Biology, Antwerp, Belgium; 4Dept. of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
Purpose: The chemical coding of intrinsic choroidal neurons (ICN) has features in common with extrinsic fibers (e.g. originating from the pterygopalatine ganglion) making it impossible to assess whether a nNOS/VIP-immunoreactive nerve fiber is of intrinsic or extrinsic origin. Electrophysiological single cell injections allow the iontophoretical filling of neurons, thus visualization of projections of these cells and defining the origin of target innervation. The aim of this investigation was to adopt this technique to the study of human choroids.
Method: Choroids of eye-donors (meeting the Declaration of Helsinki) were dissected, ICN were visualized with the fluorescent vital dye 4-Di-2-ASP. Electrophysiological properties were determined by means of intracellular recordings. The impaled neuron was iontophoretically filled with neurobiotin and visualized with a streptavidin-Cy3 complex. Immunohistochemistry for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), alpha-smooth muscle actin, and calcitonin gene re